January 31, 2012

1. Notes

January 31, 2012

Keywords & Topics

·      Industrial Revolution

·      Fat Face

·      Wood-type Poster

·      Egyptian Style

·      Bracket

·      Tuscan Style Type

·      Sans Serif type

·      Revoltions in printing

·      Mechanization of typography

·      Ottmar Mergenthaler

·      Innovations and application of photography

·      Camera obscura

·      Hellogravure

·      Joseph Niepce

·      Daguerreotype

·      Louis Daguerre

·      Photogram

·      Kodak Camera

·      Halftone Screen

·      Popular graphics of the Victorian era

·      Lithography/Chromolithography

·      Signboards

·      For children

·      Editorial & Advertising Design

·      Victorian typography

Measure from highest to lowest.

Leading is baseline to baseline

Historic Fonts

·      Old Style

·      Traditional

·      Modern

·      Egyptian

·      Sans Serif

William Caslon 2 Line Egyptian font sans serif

1800

·      First iron printing-press made by Earl Stanhope

·      Sped up printing b/c it could press harder and took less human force.

·      Used about a tenth of the physical effort of a human press.

·      Fredrerich Koenig, first double cylinder seam powered press from 1814.

·      Iron print can do 250 an hour; a steam can do 1100 impressions an hour.

·      Papers dropped from 3 pennies increased size of demographics

·      Started selling advertising spaces.

·      Had simple, 2 word names like “The Sun”

·      John Hooper- First Ad Man

·      Early ad men- Person in charge of media buyer, brokers of space.

·      Ottmar Mergenthaler- very cool guy, like us…?

o   Invented then perfected his linotype in 1886.

o   Setting type and putting it back by hand.

o   Presses are printing 25000 an hour.

o   1886 there are 300 machines hat have been patented.

o   Born in Germany

o   Had an idea of casting type, words or lines at a time.

o   1886, demonstrates to the NY editor his machine. has a keyboard, and succeeds his job.

o   One line of type can do the work of 7-8 compositors.

·      1826- first photo of nature- Joseph Nieps

·      Henry Fox Talbot- a piece od light sensitive paper you place something on it

o   1835- first photograph printed from a negative

·      1889- Kodak releases a camera that the average person can use. Makes 100 instantaneous pictures.

·      take pictures and sent to wood gravers to turn into prints.

1880

·      first halftone plate

·      halftone in order to print a continuous tone image.

·      Etched into glass a grid pattern and photograph through that

·      Allowed us to print photographs.

·      1862-1865- American Civil War, first war to be photographed.

·      1883- Edward Muybridge.

o   Photographed a horse for a bet.

o   Set up cameras and trick wires.

o   Started motion pictures.

Victorian Era-1800s

·      Graphics- noted for aesthetic confusion.

·      Marked as a period of having strong moral and religious beliefs.

·      Victorians loved fussiness and complexity.

·      William Talbot “The Pencil of Nature”- Victorian graphics

Lithography/Chromolithography

·      Litho- print from stone

·      Advantage is you can draw directly on the stone with an oil based crayon

·      1800’s- Chromolithography.

·      1840s- printers are getting a realistic image.

·      1867- Swedish Song Quartet, Bufford’s Sons

Ephemera

·      scrap cards.

·      Louis prang and Company

·      Nationalism

 2. Personal Thoughts

I thought it was an interesting class. It's starting to get closer to modern day prints and types and way of photography. I liked learning that the people that make our computers live in small bedrooms with at least 4 people per room. It was ridiculous learning that because it's modern day and you'd think that that wouldn't happen to people now.